Steve Tomisek, CFP®

By: Steve Tomisek, CFP® | Chief Investment Officer

For the sixth time in the last seven years, the stock market, as measured by the S&P 500, delivered double-digit returns. In 2025, the S&P 500 gained 17.88% including dividends. This remarkable streak, interrupted only by the 2022 inflation-driven downturn, has left many investors in a positive financial position.

It’s often said that the anticipation of something is greater than the thing itself. On the one hand, investors always hope for strong returns like these, which are unequivocally positive for portfolios and financial goals.

This is especially true as market performance has broadened beyond artificial intelligence-related stocks, international markets have rebounded, and fixed income has supported portfolios.

Importantly, the Russell 2000 is up 5.31% year-to-date versus 1.37% for the S&P 500. Both indexes recently reached all-time highs. Over the past three years, the Russell 2000 has lagged the S&P 500 by 8% per annum and a more modest 4.5% per annum over the last 10 years, which is nonetheless a significant amount of underperformance on an annual basis for a ten-year period. 

Many are expecting small caps to finally outperform large caps in 2026. So far, that seems to be the case.

Not to be left out, non-US stocks as measured by the MSCI ACWI Ex USA Index are up 5.99% and just off a recent all-time high driven in part, by the falling US dollar.

This broadening in the market beyond the Mag 7 signals good things for the remainder of the year  and is to be expected in our view. It’s a reflection of the broadening of corporate profits outside of the Mag 7 and includes small-caps, developed non-US markets and emerging markets.

The Atlanta Fed’s GDPNow forecast is signaling Q4 2025 GDP growth of 4.2%, double the long-term trend of 2%. https://www.atlantafed.org.

Finally, the close of January allows us to look back at three key technical indicators – the Santa Claus Rally (SCR), the First Five Days (FFD) of January and the January Barometer (JB) which measures performance for the full month of January – for clues for the remainder of the year.

Taken together, these three indicators are called the January Indicator Trifecta. They are published by The Stock Trader’s Almanac. https://www.stocktradersalmanac.com/

When these indicators are positive, it generally means that solid returns are ahead for the remainder of the year. For the most recent reading, the Santa Claus Rally failed to materialize but both the First Five Days and the January Barometer were positive for a two out of three-batting average.

Since 1949, this combination has existed on six (6) times. While this is a small sample set, there was only one down year, 1994, when the S&P 500 lost 1.5%. Across all six (6), the median gain for the remaining 11 months was 13.3% and the median full year return was 26.4%. a

Up Januarys are followed by up years, 89.1% of the time (41/46 years) with an average S&P 500 gain of 16.9%. The  SCR and FFD were both negative in 2024 but the JB was positive, as was the S&P 500 which gained 23.3%. The SCR was down in 2025 while FFD and JB were up. Despite the negative SCR reading, the S&P was up 16.4% last year. Wil this year reveal the same. We’ll see.

On the other hand, once these strong returns are realized, investors tend to grow nervous, especially with major indices near all-time highs and valuations approaching historic dot-com peaks.

In 2025, there were turning points across many of the issues investors have faced over the past few years. Inflation, which is still affecting households, has stabilized around 3%. Tariffs, while high by historical standards and the main driver of stock market swings in 2025, have not resulted in the economic disruption many feared. The Federal Reserve has continued cutting rates, with 2-3 more cuts expected in 2026, and the economy has grown at a healthy pace.

When we zoom out, perhaps the most important lesson to take into the new year is that what investors fear the most often doesn’t come to pass. The recession many have feared since 2022 did not occur. History suggests that for every genuine market disruption, like the 2020 pandemic or 2008 financial crisis, there are dozens of feared “black swans” – rare, unanticipated events – that never materialize. The challenge for long-term investors isn’t predicting which events will matter, but maintaining perspective and discipline across all market conditions.

As we look ahead to the remainder of 2026, the investment landscape presents both opportunities and challenges.

Topics likely to be in the headlines include the upcoming midterm election, a changing of the guard at the Federal Reserve, the future of AI, growing concerns around loans, the path of the U.S. dollar, and geopolitical unrest.

What matters most isn’t whether investors can forecast each twist and turn, but whether their portfolio is positioned to weather uncertainty while capturing long-term growth.

Here are seven key themes that can help guide how investors think about the year ahead.

1. Many asset classes are supporting portfolios into 2026

Importantly for investors, many asset classes are contributing to portfolio returns at the start of 2026. This is in contrast to much of the past decade when U.S. stocks outperformed the rest of the world. In 2025, international stocks outpaced U.S. markets, with developed market stocks (MSCI EAFE) and emerging market stocks (MSCI EM) each gaining over 30% in U.S. dollar terms. This has been driven by two key factors: improving growth expectations in many economies and the weakening dollar, which boosts returns for U.S.-based investors.

Fixed income is also playing an important stabilizing role in portfolios. The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index has gained over 8% last year as the Federal Reserve continued cutting interest rates and inflation stabilizes. Higher-quality bonds have been serving their purpose by providing income and offsetting stock market volatility during periods of market uncertainty.

In 2026, this underscores the importance of balance and diversification. While it may be tempting to make sudden portfolio changes based on headlines, investors who stay on track with their financial plans are likely to be rewarded.

2. Market valuations are approaching dot-com levels

One effect of the strong returns of the past several years is that stock market valuations continue to rise. The S&P 500 currently trades at a price-to-earnings ratio of 22.5x, approaching the all-time high of 24.5x reached during the dot-com bubble. By definition, this means that investors are paying more for each dollar of future earnings than in recent years.

Investors typically worry about valuations when they become disconnected from the underlying fundamentals. For example, the dot-com bubble experienced historic valuation levels that far outpaced revenues and earnings, as investors rewarded any company related to the “new economy.” While valuations are expensive today due to enthusiasm around AI and ongoing economic growth, corporate fundamentals remain strong. Earnings have grown at a healthy pace, with the expectation they could continue to do so according to consensus estimates data by LSEG.

So, it’s important to recognize what high valuations do and do not tell us. Valuations don’t necessarily predict immediate market declines since markets can remain expensive for extended periods. While some investors worry about an “AI bubble,” the reality is that not all bubbles pop. Instead, some deflate slowly as the fundamentals catch up. This is one difference between the dot-com bust of the late 1990s and early 2000s and the growth of cloud computing over the past decade.

However, high valuations do suggest that returns could be more modest going forward, since markets are already accounting for future growth. This can also increase the market’s sensitivity to disappointments. Investors often say that markets like these are “priced for perfection,” so even minor misses on earnings or economic data can spur volatility. This means that being selective and maintaining balance across different parts of the market – including asset classes, sectors, sizes, styles, and more – will only grow in importance.

3. AI is driving economic growth and returns

Perhaps no single trend has captured investor attention more than AI. Capital expenditures on AI infrastructure reached extraordinary levels in 2025, with the total investment easily reaching trillions of dollars. This includes building new data centers, purchasing equipment such as GPUs, and hiring AI researchers.

Some of these investments involve deals that seem circular. For example, Nvidia invested up to $100 billion in OpenAI, which in turn is buying millions of Nvidia’s chips. These interconnected relationships have raised concerns about whether the AI ecosystem can sustain itself if enthusiasm wanes.

These trends reflect the reality that AI requires infrastructure that few companies can afford alone. The question is whether the technology will ultimately generate enough value to justify the enormous spending. As it stands, AI investment is currently a large contributor to the overall economy.

Surveys suggest that businesses are increasingly adopting AI into their workflows. According to the Census Bureau’s Business Trend and Outlook Survey, the share of businesses reporting use of AI more than doubled from 4% in September 2023 to 10% in September 2025. The share of businesses that anticipate using AI over the next six months rose at a similar rate, from 6% to 14% over the same period.¹ While these numbers have jumped, they still have significant room for growth.

For investors, AI presents both upside potential and downside risk. The Magnificent 7 technology companies continue to lead markets higher, driven by infrastructure investments and growing adoption of AI tools. However, this concentration creates vulnerability. These companies now represent about one-third of the S&P 500, meaning most investors have substantial exposure, whether they realize it or not.

The challenge isn’t whether AI will transform the economy – it clearly will. Rather, it’s whether current valuations adequately reflect realistic timelines for returns on these massive investments. History from the railroad boom of the 1860s to the dot-com era of the 1990s shows that transformative technologies often follow similar patterns: initial skepticism, rapid adoption, market enthusiasm, and eventual integration into the broader economy.

The key lesson is that markets often overestimate the speed at which profits can be generated. The reality is that most investors likely have exposure to AI stocks whether directly or through major indices, so being aware of this concentration, and staying true to an appropriate asset allocation that fits with long-term goals, will be needed in the coming year.

4. Economic growth is slowing but remains positive

Economic growth trends have decelerated but remain stronger than many had feared. U.S. GDP experienced a slightly negative dip in the first quarter of 2025, but this rebounded quickly as tariff uncertainty faded. The 3.8% growth rate in the second quarter not only exceeded expectations, but is one of the strongest quarterly growth rates in years.

When it comes to global GDP, the International Monetary Fund projects that growth could ease just slightly from 3.2% in 2024 to 3.1% in 2026. Advanced economies are projected to grow around 1.5%, while emerging markets are projected to maintain growth above 4%.²

Although positive in aggregate, economic growth has been uneven across different income groups and sectors. This concept is often referred to as a “two-speed” or “K-shaped” economy, since some experience growth while others struggle.

In today’s economy, this divergence is primarily driven by technology trends, since those positioned to benefit from the growth of AI could experience greater job prospects than those in traditional industries. However, it’s not just about AI, since consumer debt, auto loan delinquencies, and other financial challenges can affect whether individuals benefit from economic growth.

When it comes to long-term economic growth, perhaps the most important question is whether productivity will rise due to recent technological advances. Productivity measures how much, either in terms of quality or quantity, a worker can produce in a given amount of time. Historically, better equipment, training, and education have driven greater productivity, which is what drives real economic growth.

As the chart above shows, productivity growth averaged only 1.2% per year during the 2010s. The hope of AI and new technologies is a boost to worker output. However, this often takes longer than expected, and won’t necessarily benefit everyone equally. For investors, the promise of greater productivity is that profit margins can improve, supporting the broader economy and investor portfolios.

5. The impact of tariffs remains uncertain

While tariffs were the primary driver of stock market volatility in 2025, their economic effects have been mixed. In fact, one of the ongoing puzzles is how little immediate impact tariffs have had on inflation and growth. Despite tariff costs increasing ten times their average level compared to prior years, measures such as the Consumer Price Index have ticked up only slightly.

There are several possible explanations as to why tariffs have not had their anticipated effect. First, many of the announced tariffs were quickly paused or scaled back. Second, many companies absorbed the initial cost of tariffs by keeping their prices steady and importing goods ahead of tariff announcements. Finally, strong consumer spending, fiscal stimulus, and healthy growth in AI-related sectors helped offset any negative impact on overall growth. It’s also worth noting that the Supreme Court may rule in 2026 on the legality of the economic justification used for these tariffs.

For long-term investors, these recent developments, along with the first round of trade negotiations in 2018, highlight the fact that tariffs are part of the government’s playbook. Rather than reacting to these tariffs as a shift in the world order, they instead represent tools for the administration to support broader policy goals. While tariffs aren’t going away, their impact on day-to-day market activity could diminish.

6. Midterm election and government debt will be at the forefront in 2026

In addition to changes in trade policy, 2025 also had a historic 43-day government shutdown and ongoing concerns over the size of the budget deficit. At the same time, the recently passed One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) tax legislation has created more clarity for investors and taxpayers.

The new year will begin with more uncertainty in Washington as the short-term funding bill expires at the end of January. This means there could be another wave of negotiations that could result in another government shutdown. Then, some investors expect households and businesses to benefit from greater tax refunds due to provisions in the OBBBA such as full expensing of research and development.

Looking further ahead, investors will likely shift their attention to the midterm election and what it could mean for tariffs, regulation, government spending, and more. The chart above shows that midterm elections have historically experienced healthy returns, averaging 8.6% since 1933, even if they are slightly lower than non-election and presidential election years.

Still, the biggest concern for many investors is the ever-growing national debt. The truth is that the historically high national debt, which is hovering around 120% of GDP for total debt, or over $36 trillion, is unlikely to be solved any time soon. In fact, it’s estimated that the OBBBA could increase the national debt by over $4 trillion in the next decade. As it stands, the national debt amounts to over $106,000 per American.

For long-term investors, it’s important to recognize what we can and cannot control. For example, the national debt has been a challenge for decades, yet investing based on these concerns would have resulted in the wrong portfolio positioning. While the sustainability of the U.S. federal debt may have implications for economic growth and interest rates, history shows that this should not be the primary driver of portfolios.

Instead, what investors can control in the short run is understanding the key changes to tax legislation and how it impacts long-term planning. These include the fact that lower tax rates from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act are now permanent, estate tax exemption levels will remain higher, SALT deduction caps have risen, and many other provisions. It’s the perfect time to review your tax strategies to ensure you take full advantage of these new rules.

7. The Federal Reserve will support the economy

The Fed resumed cutting rates in September after pausing earlier in the year. As we enter 2026, the path of monetary policy could become less certain. This is because the risk of runaway inflation may no longer be the primary concern as a weaker job market has grown in importance. This requires tweaks to policy rates rather than dramatic shifts, such as those seen in 2022.

An additional complication is that Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s term will end on May 15, 2026, paving the way for new leadership by the recently named Kevin Warsh, who is expected favor additional rate cuts to support the administration’s economic agenda of lower interest rates.

The chart above shows that the economy has performed well across Fed Chairs appointed by both parties. It’s important to note that the Fed only controls the “short end” of the yield curve, that is, interest rates that are closely tied to the federal funds rate. Long-term interest rates depend on many other factors, such as economic growth, inflation, and productivity. So, rather than follow the Fed’s every move and parse every statement, investors should continue to focus on these longer-term trends to understand the impact on interest rates and bonds.

Maintaining perspective in 2026

As think about the remained of the year, investors face a familiar challenge: balancing concerns with the reality that markets have consistently rewarded patient, disciplined investors over time. The list of worries is ever-present, yet history suggests that for every crisis that disrupts markets, many more feared events have failed to materialize. 2025 was certainly a year where the markets climbed a wall of worry. Will the hold true for 2026? We’ll see.

What separates successful long-term investors thought, isn’t the ability to predict which concerns matter most, but the ability to stay balanced throughout all phases of the market cycle.

The bottom line? Markets have delivered strong returns, but elevated valuations and slower global growth suggest more modest expectations for 2026. Rather than attempting to time the market based on any single concern, investors should focus on maintaining balanced portfolios positioned for various outcomes.

References

1. https://www.census.gov/hfp/btos/data_downloads

2. https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025

This newsletter is a publication of Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC. It should not be regarded as a complete analysis of the subjects discussed. All expressions of opinion reflect the judgment of the authors as of the date of publication and are subject to change. A professional advisor should be consulted before any investment decisions are made. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and there can be no assurance that any specific investment or strategy will be suitable or profitable for your investment portfolio. All investment strategies have the potential for profit or loss. Historical performance results for investment indexes and/or categories, generally do not reflect the deduction of transaction and/or custodial charges or the deduction of an investment management fee, the incurrence of which would have the effect of decreasing historical performance results. Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC is registered as an investment advisor and only transacts business in states where it is properly registered or excluded or exempted from registration requirements. Registration as an investment advisor does not constitute an endorsement of the firm by securities regulators nor does it indicate that the advisor has attained a particular level of skill or ability. ©2025 Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC.

Copyright (c) 2026 Clearnomics, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but is not necessarily complete and its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to the fairness, accuracy, completeness, or correctness of the information and opinions contained herein. The views and the other information provided are subject to change without notice. All reports posted on or via www.clearnomics.com or any affiliated websites, applications, or services are issued without regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation, or particular needs of any specific recipient and are not to be construed as a solicitation or an offer to buy or sell any securities or related financial instruments. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future results. Company fundamentals and earnings may be mentioned occasionally, but should not be construed as a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold the company’s stock. Predictions, forecasts, and estimates for any and all markets should not be construed as recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any security–including mutual funds, futures contracts, and exchange traded funds, or any similar instruments. The text, images, and other materials contained or displayed in this report are proprietary to Clearnomics, Inc. and constitute valuable intellectual property. All unauthorized reproduction or other use of material from Clearnomics, Inc. shall be deemed willful infringement(s) of this copyright and other proprietary and intellectual property rights, including but not limited to, rights of privacy. Clearnomics, Inc. expressly reserves all rights in connection with its intellectual property, including without limitation the right to block the transfer of its products and services and/or to track usage thereof, through electronic tracking technology, and all other lawful means, now known or hereafter devised. Clearnomics, Inc. reserves the right, without further notice, to pursue to the fullest extent allowed by the law any and all criminal and civil remedies for the violation of its rights.

By: W. Kirk Taylor, CFP® | Chief Investment Officer

On the morning of April 7^th, with the stock market reeling, I issued a special message to clients, noting that the pace at which the market had fallen had not been seen since the Covid-19 panic.

I quoted Vanguard Founder John C. Bogle who famously said that “Time is your friend; impulse is your enemy and reminded our clients that “Periods of panic can present opportunities for disciplined, long-term investors”.

On that day, the S&P 500 reached an intraday low of 4,835. At the close of the second quarter, the S&P 500 closed at 6,205, with a gain of 1,360 points or 28%. Traders on Wall St., call that a monster truck rally!

Looking back, I observe that the second quarter of 2025 showcased both the resilience of financial markets and their sensitivity to policy uncertainty. From the White House’s tariff announcements in April to escalating tensions between Israel and Iran in June, investors faced many challenges. Yet, the stock market went on to stage one of the fastest rebounds in history and finished the quarter at new all-time highs.

Overall, it was a strong quarter for stocks, while bonds also delivered positive outcomes. For long-term investors, these events are a reminder that while headlines can drive short-term swings, maintaining perspective and staying focused on fundamental trends remains the key to achieving financial goals.

Key Market and Economic Drivers in Q2

• 
  The S&P 500 and the Nasdaq both ended the quarter at record highs, gaining 10.6% and 17.7% over the three months, respectively. The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 5.0% and is 2% below its record level.
• 
  The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index gained 1.2% in the second quarter. The 10-year Treasury yield ended the quarter at 4.2% after reaching as high as 4.6% in May.
• 
  Developed market international stocks (MSCI EAFE) rose 10.6% and emerging market stocks (MSCI EM) increased 11.0% in the quarter.
• 
  Gold rallied to a new record level of $3,431 per ounce, before settling at $3,308 to end the quarter.
• 
  Bitcoin reached a high of $111,092 in May and hovered around $107,000 at the end of June.
• 
  The U.S. Dollar Index continued to fall over the quarter, ending the quarter at 96.88. It started the year at 108.49.
• 
  The Consumer Price Index rose 2.4% year-over-year in May, while core inflation, which excludes food and energy, came in at 2.8%.
• 
  The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index improved in May to 60.7, its first increase in six months. Consumers expect an inflation rate of 5.0% over the next year, down from 6.6% in the previous survey.
• 
  At its June meeting, the Federal Reserve kept rates unchanged within a range of 4.25 to 4.5%.

Markets rebounded to new all-time highs

Despite significant volatility, the stock market recovered quickly once the worst-case scenarios for tariffs and geopolitical tensions did not materialize. The quarter began with heightened uncertainty following the announcement of new tariffs on April 2, which were more far-reaching than many investors had anticipated.

However, as the administration engaged in negotiations and reached preliminary trade agreements with several partners, market sentiment improved. The Middle East conflict created a similar outcome, although markets were broadly resilient and went on to new highs after the ceasefire between Israel and Iran was announced.

The equity market rebound was widespread, with many sectors, styles, and regions delivering positive outcomes. International stocks continue to lead the way in 2025, especially with the dollar weakening. Small cap stocks have lagged other parts of the market due to their greater sensitivity to tariffs and domestic trends, and the Russell 2000 index is still down -2.5% this year.

At a sector level within the S&P 500, Information Technology stocks experienced a strong recovery and contributed toward the new market highs. Many other sectors are supporting markets too, including Industrials which are now up 11.4% on the year, Communications which have gained 10.2%, and Financials up 7.5%. On the other end, Healthcare and Energy saw weakness.

Bond markets are also quietly contributing to portfolio outcomes, with relatively strong yields and falling credit spreads contributing in the quarter. Treasury securities and corporate bonds also experienced volatility during the tariff-induced drawdown, although the quarter ended in positive territory.

The dollar continued to weaken

The U.S. dollar weakened through the second quarter despite tariff pressures. While a weaker dollar can be negative for consumers, it can be positive for U.S. businesses and exporters, since it becomes cheaper for those using foreign currencies to buy our goods. While the dollar has declined this year and is near the low end of its range since 2022, its value is still high compared to the past decade.

When it comes to monetary policy, the Federal Reserve held interest rates steady at 4.25% to 4.5% throughout the quarter, reflecting a measured approach to monetary policy in an evolving economic environment. Fed Chair Jerome Powell emphasized the Fed’s focus on price stability even as other factors complicate the economic outlook.

Specifically, the Fed’s updated economic projections reveal the challenges policymakers face. Officials now expect inflation to reach 3% in 2025 before moderating to 2.1% by 2027, marking an upward revision from earlier forecasts. They also expect real GDP growth to slow this year to 1.4%, a downgrade from a 1.7% projection in March. These adjustments reflect concerns that tariffs could spur inflation and slow growth.

The conflict between Israel and Iran added another layer of complexity to an already challenging environment. Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities and military targets beginning June 13 created immediate concerns about regional stability and potential escalation. However, the two countries agreed to a ceasefire after 12 days of fighting.

Bonds helped to provide portfolio balance

While the stock market has ended the quarter at new all-time highs, the decline and rebound was challenging for many investors. Fortunately, bonds helped to support balanced portfolios during the quarter. High yield, corporate, and Treasury bonds all provided balance and are positive year-to-date. Interest rates have remained higher than many had expected, and short-lived concerns in April about a flight from U.S. Treasury securities did not occur.

Budget discussions in Washington have brought renewed attention to America’s fiscal trajectory. The national debt now exceeds $36 trillion, or approximately $106,000 per American. According to the Congressional Budget Office, the latest budget proposal could add an estimated $3.3 trillion in deficits over the next decade. While the proposal includes spending reductions, these are outweighed by tax cuts and spending increases elsewhere.

Moody’s downgraded the U.S. credit rating in May, citing concerns about successive administrations and Congress failing to address “large annual fiscal deficits and growing interest costs.” This echoes similar challenges raised during previous budget standoffs in 2011, 2013, and from 2018 to 2019. However, in each instance, agreements were eventually reached, markets stabilized, and economic growth resumed.

For long-term investors, these fiscal debates underscore the importance of maintaining diversified portfolios that can weather various policy outcomes. While deficit levels deserve attention, history suggests that the U.S. economy’s fundamental strengths and adaptability remain intact.

The bottom line? The second quarter demonstrated both market volatility and resilience as investors navigated policy changes and global tensions. For investors, maintaining perspective and focusing on asset allocation strategies remain the most effective way to achieve long-term goals.

This newsletter is a publication of Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC. It should not be regarded as a complete analysis of the subjects discussed. All expressions of opinion reflect the judgment of the authors as of the date of publication and are subject to change. A professional advisor should be consulted before any investment decisions are made. Different types of investments involve varying degrees of risk, and there can be no assurance that any specific investment or strategy will be suitable or profitable for your investment portfolio. All investment strategies have the potential for profit or loss. Historical performance results for investment indexes and/or categories, generally do not reflect the deduction of transaction and/or custodial charges or the deduction of an investment management fee, the incurrence of which would have the effect of decreasing historical performance results. Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC is registered as an investment advisor and only transacts business in states where it is properly registered or excluded or exempted from registration requirements. Registration as an investment advisor does not constitute an endorsement of the firm by securities regulators nor does it indicate that the advisor has attained a particular level of skill or ability. ©2025 Kirk Capital Advisors, LLC.

Copyright (c) 2025 Clearnomics, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but is not necessarily complete and its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. No representation or warranty, express or implied, is made as to the fairness, accuracy, completeness, or correctness of the information and opinions contained herein. The views and the other information provided are subject to change without notice. All reports posted on or via www.clearnomics.com or any affiliated websites, applications, or services are issued without regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation, or particular needs of any specific recipient and are not to be construed as a solicitation or an offer to buy or sell any securities or related financial instruments. Past performance is not necessarily a guide to future results. Company fundamentals and earnings may be mentioned occasionally, but should not be construed as a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold the company’s stock. Predictions, forecasts, and estimates for any and all markets should not be construed as recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any security–including mutual funds, futures contracts, and exchange traded funds, or any similar instruments. The text, images, and other materials contained or displayed in this report are proprietary to Clearnomics, Inc. and constitute valuable intellectual property. All unauthorized reproduction or other use of material from Clearnomics, Inc. shall be deemed willful infringement(s) of this copyright and other proprietary and intellectual property rights, including but not limited to, rights of privacy. Clearnomics, Inc. expressly reserves all rights in connection with its intellectual property, including without limitation the right to block the transfer of its products and services and/or to track usage thereof, through electronic tracking technology, and all other lawful means, now known or hereafter devised. Clearnomics, Inc. reserves the right, without further notice, to pursue to the fullest extent allowed by the law any and all criminal and civil remedies for the violation of its rights.